telangana history

Telangana is a state in South India and one of the 29 states in India. It was formed on 2 June 2014 with the city of Hyderabad as its capital. Telangana is bordered by the states of Maharashtra to the north and North west Chhattisgarh to the north east, Karnataka to the west, and Andhra Pradesh to the east and south. As the twelfth largest state in India, Telangana has an area of 114,840 square kilometres (44,340 sq mi), and a population of 35,286,757 (2011 census).^[5] Its major cities include Hyderabad, Warangal, Nizamabad, Karimnagar, Ramagundam and Khammam.

Telangana acquired its identity as the Telugu-speaking region of the princely state of Hyderabad, ruled by the Nizam of Hyderabad, joining the Union of India in 1948. In 1956, the Hyderabad state was dissolved as part of the linguistic reorganisation of states and Telangana was merged with former Andhra State to form Andhra Pradesh. Following a popular movement for separation, it was awarded separate Statehood on 2 June 2014. Hyderabad will continue to serve as the joint capital city for Andhra Pradesh and Telangana for a period of not more than ten years.

Contents:

• 1. Etymology
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• 2. History
  • 2.1 Early history
  • 2.2 Kakatiya Dynasty
  • 2.3 Qutb Shahi and Asaf Jahi's
  • 2.4 Post-independence
  • 2.5 Telangana Rebellion
• 3. States Reorganisation Commission
  • 3.1Telangana movement
  • 3.2Formation of Telangana state in 2014
• 4. Geography
  • 4.1 Climate
  • 4.2 Ecology
    • 4.2.1 National Parks and Sanctuaries
• 5. Government and politics
• 6. Demographics
• 7. Economy
  • 7.1Agriculture
  • 7.2Industries
  • 7.3Tourism
  • 7.4Awards
• 8. Infrastructure
  • 8.1Power
  • 8.2Transport
    • 8.2.1Roads
    • 8.2.2Railways
    • 8.2.3Airports
• 9. Culture
  • 9.1Monuments
  • 9.2Religious tourism
  • 9.3Waterfalls
• 10. Education
• 11. Sports
• 12. See also
• 13. References
• 14. Further reading
• 15. External links
  
  
  

  1. 

  Etymology

  The name Telangana is derived from the word Trilinga, as in the Trilinga Desa, which translates to "the country of the three lingas". According to a Hindu legend, Shiva descended in the lingam form on three mountains, Kaleshwaram, Srisailam and Draksharama, which marked the boundaries of the Trilingadesa, later called Telinga, Telunga or Telugu.
  The word "Telinga" changed over time to "Telangana" and the name "Telangana" was designated to distinguish the predominantly Telugu-speaking region of the erstwhile Hyderabad State from its predominantly Marathi-speaking one,Marathwada.
  One of the earliest uses of a word similar to Telangana can also be seen in a name of Malik Maqbul (14th century CE), who was called the Tilangani, which implies that he was from Tilangana. He was the commander of the Warangal Fort (Kataka Pāludu)
  2. History
  • 2.1 Early history
  • 2.2 Kakatiya Dynasty
  • 2.3 Qutb Shahi and Asaf Jahi's
  • 2.4 Post-independence
  • 2.5 Telangana Rebellion
    

    2.1 Early history:

     Maurya_Empire and Satavahana dynasty:

    The Satavahana dynasty (230 BCE to 220 CE) of Andhra Pradesh. became the dominant power in this region. It originated from the lands between the Godavari and Krishna rivers and was based at amaravathi and dharanikota of Andhra Pradesh. After the decline of the Satavahanas, various dynasties, such as the Vakataka, Vishnukundina, Chalukya, Rashtrakuta and Western Chalukya, ruled the area.

    Kakatiya Dynasty:

    
    
    
    
    
    
    

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    The Telangana area experienced its golden age during the reign of the Kakatiya dynasty , which ruled most parts of the present day Andhra Pradesh and Telangana from 1083 to 1323 CE. Rudrama Devi and Prataparudra II were prominent rulers from the Kakatiya dynasty. The dynasty weakened with the attack of Malik Kafur in 1309 and was dissolved after the defeat of Prataparudra by the forces of Muhammad bin Tughluq in 1323.

    Qutb Shahi and Asaf Jahi's:

    

    
    
    
    

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    The area came under the rule of the Delhi Sultanate in the 14th century, followed by the Bahmani Sultanate. Quli Qutb Mulk, a governor of Golkonda, revolted against the Bahmani Sultanate and established the Qutb Shahi dynasty in 1518. On 21 September 1687, the Golkonda Sultanate came under the rule of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb after a year-long siege of the Golkonda fort.      
    In 1712, Qamar-ud-din Khan was appointed by emperor Farrukhsiyar as the viceroy of Deccan with the title Nizam-ul-Mulk(meaning "Administrator of the Realm"). He was later recalled to Delhi, with Mubariz Khan appointed as the viceroy. In 1724, Qamar-ud-din Khan defeated Mubariz Khan to reclaim the Deccan suba, establishing it as an autonomous province of the Mughal empire. He took the name Asif Jah, starting what came to be known as the Asif Jahi dynasty. He named the area Hyderabad Deccan. Subsequent rulers retained the title Nizam ul-Mulk and were called Asif Jahi nizams or nizams of Hyderabad. The Medak and Warangal divisions of Telangana were part of their realm.
    When Asif Jah I died in 1748, there was political unrest due to contention for the throne among his sons, who were aided by opportunistic neighbouring states and colonial foreign forces. In 1769, Hyderabad city became the formal capital of the nizams. The nizamNasir-ud-dawlah, Asaf Jah IV signed the Subsidiary Alliance with the British in 1799 and lost its control over the state's defence and foreign affairs. Hyderabad State became a princely state among the presidencies and provinces of British India.
    
    

    Telangana was the seat of numerous dynasties. Chowmahalla Palace was home to the nizams of Hyderabad.

    Post-independence:

    When India became independent from the British Empire in 1947, the nizam of Hyderabad did not want to merge with the Indian Union and wanted to remain independent. The Government of India annexed Hyderabad State on 17 September 1948 after a military operation called Operation Polo.It appointed a civil servant, M. K. Vellodi, as first chief minister of Hyderabad State on 26 January 1950.He administered the state with the help of English-educated bureaucrats from the Madras and Bombay states, who were familiar with British systems of administration unlike the bureaucrats of Hyderabad state who used a completely different administrative system. The official language of the state was switched from Urdu to English.
    In 1952, Dr. Burgula Ramakrishna Rao was elected chief minister of the Hyderabad State in its first democratic election. During this time, there were violent agitations by some Telanganites to send the Madras state bureaucrats back and implement a rule by the natives (mulkis) of Hyderabad.

    Telangana Rebellion:

    Main article: Telangana Rebellion
    The Telangana Rebellion was a peasant revolt supported by the communists. It originated in the Telangana regions of the Hyderabad state between 1946 and 1951, led by the Communist Party of India (CPI).
    The revolt began in the Nalgonda district against the feudal lords of Reddy and Velama castes. It quickly spread to the Warangal and Bidar districts. Peasant farmers and labourers revolted against the local feudal landlords (jagirdars and deshmukhs) and later against the nizam Osman Ali Khan. The violent phase of the movement ended after the Government of India's Operation polo. Starting in 1951, the CPI shifted to a more moderate strategy of seeking to bring communism to India within the framework of Indian democracy.
  
  
  

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I'm Sanjeev, a part-time blogger from Hyderabad, India. I started this blog as a passion.Here I write about News, Sports, Technology, Reviews etc.. You can read more about me at About us page.